Natural and Functional - benefic and malefic.
Shubha and Paapa (Benefics and Malefics)
The Grahas are divided into two groups depending on the overall effect they produce for the good or bad.
There are two classifications
1) Naisargika : Natrural Classification. This is fixed and the same for all Horoscopes. The Grahas are classified as Subha/ Paapa depending on the beneficial effects they produce for the General good.
Naisargika Subha Grahas: Guru, Shukra are Natural benefics (Shubha). Budha* if is in the company of Benefics then it is a Shubha. Sukla paksha #Chandra (Moon of the bright fortnight) is a Subha.
Naisargika Paapa Grahas: Surya, Mangal, Shani, Raahu and Ketu are Malefics (Paapa) Grahas. Budha if in the company of Malefics then it becomes a Paapa Graha.
Krishna Paksha #Chandra (Moon of the Dark fortnight) is a Paapa.

*Budha is an impressionable child and the company he keeps will influence his behaviour.
# Shukla paksha means Chandra is placed within seven raashis from counted from Surya.
#Krishna paksha means Suryaa is placed within seven Raashis from counted from Chandra.
Surya is not a malefic (papa) in the strict sense of the word but is a Kroora (cruel) or harsh Graha. It is not a malefic in matters relating to childrens and marriage.
Ketu is also benefic for Marriage, children and of course for self realization.

2) Functional benefics or malefics:
In the horoscope we have seen that the Bhaavas represents various facets of life. There are some facets which everyone wants to avoid and some which everyone wants. This is the basis for the Functional beneficence / malfeasance.  
We all want to avoid enemies (6th house), diseases (8th house) losses and secret enemies (12th house). Grahas who lord these Bhaavas in the horoscopes become functional malefics even if they are natural benefics.

Maharishi Paraashar in BPHS chapter 35 (chaukhambha edition)
Sloka2-7. The Nature (functional) of the Grahas arising due to Lordships of Bhaavas:
1) A natural benefics, owning Kendras (1st, 4th, 7thand 10th), will not give benefic effects,
While natural malefics, owning Kendras, will not remain inauspicious.
This does not mean that the Graha if a natural benefic will become a malefic or vice versa. It just means some reduction in the beneficial effect of a natural benefic and reduction of malefic effect of a natural malefic. Their beneficence or malfeasance will depend on the Grahas lordship of the other Raashi it owns.  
2) The Lord of a Kona (trine) will give auspicious results.
The Lord of Lagna is especially auspicious, as Lagna is a Kendra, as well as a Kona.
Putra (5th) and Dharma (9th) Bhaava are especially good for wealth; While Yuvati (7th) and Karma (10th) Bhava are especially good for happiness.
3) Any Graha, owning Sahaj (3rd), Ari (6th), or Laabh (11th) Bhaava, will give evil effects.
These are the Trishdhaya houses, in the Raashi chakra these Raashis are the exaltation, Moolatrikona and the own house of Raahu.
4) The effects, due to the Lords of Vyaya (12th) and Randhr (8th) Bhaava, will depend on their association.
In each group the significance will be in the ascending order. Randhra Lord is not auspicious, as he owns the 12th from Dharma Bhaava. If the Lord of Randhra Bhaava simultaneously owns Sahaj (3rd), Ari (6th), or Laabha (11th) Bhaava, he will prove specifically harmful, while his simultaneous ownership of a Kona will bestow auspicious effects. The Graha, owning a predominant Bhaava, will stall the effects, due to another, owning a less significant Bhaava and will give his own results. Randhra lordship of Surya and Chandra is not evil.

Let us simplify this house wise:
1st bhaava: it is a beneficial house and so the Lord is also beneficial.
2nd Bhaava: it is a Maaraka (killer) house and hence it is not beneficial, but dependent on the other bhaava owned by the lord.
3rd Bhaava: it is a Trishadhaya and hence malefic.
4th Bhaava: it is a Kendra and hence a benefic.
Result of the lord depends on the natural benefic/ malefic nature. If it is a natural benefic then it suffers from Kendradhipatya dosha (a flaw arising out of owning a Kendra), it can be taken as a malefic only if it owns another malefic Bhaava (i.e. 3, 6, 8, 11, and 12). If it is a natural malefic then it has to own a Kona house to qualify as a full benefic.This applies to all Kendras.
But for now we will take it as benefic.
5th Bhaava: it is a Kona and hence its lord is a benefic.
6th bhaava: it is a Dustshaana (bad place) and also a trishadhaya and hence its lord is a malefic.
7th Bhaava: it is a Kendra sthana and hence a benefic, it is also a Maaraka sthana (killer place).
8th Bhaava: it is a Dusthaana and hence its lord is a malefic. Surya and Chandra do not become a functional malefic even if they own the eighth house.
9th Bhaava: it is a Kona and hence beneficial.
10th Bhaava: a Kendra and hence beneficial.
11th Bhaava: it is a Trishadhaya and so is a malefic.
12th bhaava: it is a dusthana and hence malefic.

We know that every Graha (except the luminaries) own two Raashis each and hence will become the lord of two Bhaavas.
This gives us three options:
a) It becomes the lord of both beneficial houses.
b) It becomes the lord of both malefic houses.
c) It becomes the lord of one beneficial and one malefic house.

The first two options are unambiguous; it is the third option which we have to be careful to judge whether the Graha will act as a malefic or a benefic. To help us in this Maharishi Paraashara has listed out the benefic and malefic planets for each Lagna Raashi. Refer to it and try to understand the Maharishis reasons for allotting the benefics and malefics for each of the twelve Raashis in Lagna.

This brings us to the difference between Natural and temporal effects of the Grahas.
The natural benefic and malefic are from the perspective of the whole (Macro viewpoint), you may call them as social and anti social elements of the society.
Functional benefic and malefic are from the perspective of the individual (micro viewpoint) - What I as a person find desirable and undesirable.  


vivek and RishiRahul

Dear Rishi Rahul and Vivek ji.
Thank you Rishi Rahul ji this is an excellent chapter, quite straight forward and easy to understand.I have gotta question. 8th sthan is also called as "Ayur(longevity) Sthan" thus it does explain y 7th house is also called as maaraka sthan,since it is 12th from 8th house thus harming age.
But if we consider 8th from different point of view ,since it is 12th from dharma sthan(9th house)thus bad (GENERALLY)and since 7th is 12th from 8th(thus bad for bad thing[i know my words may sound kiddish ]) thus dont u consider it to be good.Coz  then 7th shud be good from all other point of view other than longevity point of view coz it harming a house which is bad fOR dharma house.

I hope im able to get my point clear.Please do elaborate.

Thanking You
Raman

Please answer my doubts mentioned below:

* Question on what happens if lord of a house is functional malefic/benefic

Given that it is an accepted principle that:
"Significance of a house manifests through the lord of the house as
one of the factors", how does this change, when the lord is functional
benefic/malefic?

If lord of a house is a functional malefic does it signify bad for the
things specified by the house?
Given that functional benefic signifies good for things specified by
the house, can we say that:
1. Good if dustana lord is malefic
2. Good if other house lords are benefic

I understand that it depends on other factors like aspects, occupants etc...I want to know the effect of a malefic house lord on the sustana/dustana houses


* Question on houses signifying wrt other house.
6th house signifies enemies. Now 5th house is 12th (loss) from 6th:
Does this mean loss of enemies OR loss to enemies.
Which is right interpretation?
Similary 4th house is 11th (win) from 6th: Does this mean win of enemies or win over enemies.

Regards
Kiran

vivek and RishiRahul

Rishiji and Vivekji,

I am sorry - but I have not got an answer to my question.

I want to isolate effects on house due to house lord alone.
If house lord of a house is functional benefic, does it mean good things to the house from the house lord. If this is true it is vice-versa when we have functional malefics.

So in this case, is it good if dustana lords are functional malefics (so that they mean negative to significations of the dustana)?

My question is simple:
GIven that one of the signifcators of what a house signifies is the lord of the house, if the lord of the house is benefic (considering effects due to house lord alone), does it mean good for the house significations and vice versa?