Guna and Tatwa of Raashis.
The word Guna requires an explanation.
The various meaning of Guna:
guNa merit
guNa quality
guNa talent
guNa virtue
guNa good result
guNa credit
guNa use
guNa efficacy
guNa efficacy
guNa advantage
In Sankhya system (A philosophical system of India) it means an ingredient or constituent of Prakriti, the chief quality of all existing beings sattva, rajas, and tamas i.e. goodness, passion, and darkness, or virtue, foulness, and ignorance respectively.
A short introduction to the Sankhya philosophy is warranted here.
Metaphysics of Samkhya
From here:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samkhya
Broadly, the Samkhya system classifies all objects as falling into one of the two categories:
Purusha and Prakriti. Metaphysically, Samkhya maintains a radical duality between spirit/consciousness (Purusha) and matter (Prakrti).
Purusha
Purusha is the Transcendental Self or Pure Consciousness. It is absolute, independent, free, imperceptible, and unknowable, above any experience and beyond any words or explanation. It remains pure, “nonattributive consciousness”. Purusha is neither produced nor does it produce.
Prakriti
Prakriti is matter. Matter is inert, temporary, and unconscious. It is composed of three qualities (gunas) corresponding to creation, sustenance, and destruction. They are:
sattva (goodness) – pure, elevating, enlightening
rajas (passion) – motivates us to create, acquire and enjoy
tamas (ignorance) – dirty, degrading, deluding, and destructive.
All physical events are considered to be manifestations of the evolution of Prakrti, or primal Nature (from which all physical bodies are derived). Each sentient being is a Purusha, and is limitless and unrestricted by its physical body. Samsaara or bondage arises when the Purusha does not have the discriminate knowledge and so is misled as to its own identity, confusing itself with the physical body - which is actually an evolute of Prakriti. The spirit is liberated when the discriminate knowledge of the difference between conscious Purusha and unconscious Prakriti is realized.
Nature of Duality:
According to Samkhya, the efficient cause of the world is Purusha (Avyakta or Absolute) and the material cause is Prakriti. Here Purusha stands for the ‘Supreme Self’ and Prakriti stands for ‘Matter’. Purusha (Self) is the first principle of Samkhya. Prakriti is the second, the material principle of Samkhya.
Theory of Existence:
The Samkhya system is based on Satkaryavada. According to Satkaryavada, the effect pre-exists in the cause. Cause and effect are seen as different temporal aspects of the same thing - the effect lies latent in the cause which in turn seeds the next effect.
More specifically, Samkhya system follows the Prakriti-Parinama Vada. Parinama denotes that the effect is a real transformation of the cause. The cause under consideration here is Prakriti or more precisely Mula-Prakriti (Primordial Matter). The Samkhya system is therefore an exponent of an evolutionary theory of matter beginning with primordial matter. In evolution, Prakriti is transformed and differentiated into multiplicity of objects. Evolution is followed by dissolution. In dissolution the physical existence, all the worldly objects mingle back into Prakriti, which now remains as the undifferentiated, primordial substance. This is how the cycles of evolution and dissolution follow each other.
Sankhya theorizes that Prakriti is the source of the world of becoming. It is pure potentiality that evolves itself successively into twenty four tattvas or principles. The evolution itself is possible because Prakriti is always in a state of tension among its constituent strands -
Sattva - a template of balance or equilibrium;
Rajas - a template of expansion or activity;
Tamas - a template of inertia or resistance to action.
All macrocosmic and microcosmic creation uses these templates. The twenty four principles that evolves are -
Prakriti - The most subtle potentiality that is behind whatever that is created in the physical universe, also called "primordial Matter". It is also a state of equilibrium amongst the Three Gunas.
Mahat – is the first product of evolution from Prakriti, pure potentiality. Mahat is also considered to be the principle responsible for the rise of buddhi or intelligence in living beings.
Ahamkara or ego-sense – is the second product of evolution. It is responsible for the self-sense in living beings. It is also one's identification with the outer world and its content.
"Panch Tanmatras" are a simultaneous product from Mahat Tattva, along with the Ahamkara. They are the subtle form of Panch Mahabhutas which result from grossification or Panchikaran of the Tanmatras. The Tanmatras are sight, smell, taste, touch and hearing Each of these Tanmatras is made of all three Gunas.
Manas or "Antahkaran" evolves from the total sum of sattva aspect of Panch Tanmatras or the "Ahamkara"
Panch jnana indriyas or five sense organs - also evolves from the sattva aspect of Ahamkara.
Panch karma indriya or five organs of action - The organs of action are hands, legs, vocal apparatus, urino-genital organ and anus. They evolve from the rajas aspect of Ahamkara.
Panch mahabhuta or five great elements are ether, air, fire, water and earth evolving in that order with each succeeding elements containing the preceding ones in them.
Like Ether or space (aakash) is the prerequisite for any thing to exsist, then comes movement, which is air (vaayu), this contains within it the aakash also, next comes fire (Agni) caused due to the friction produced by movement, this contain within it aakash as well as vaayu. Agni (fire ) produces heat which also is complimented by coolness (polarity) this is water (Jala), this again contains within it all the preceeding three elements. Too much coolness solidifies and this is the earth (Prithvi) element, prithvi contains within it all the preceding four elements in it..The five elements are said to evolve from the "tamas" aspect of the "Ahamkara". This is the grossest aspect of the physical universe.
The evolution of primal Nature is also considered to be purposeful - Prakrti evolves for the spirit in bondage. The spirit who is always free is only a witness to the evolution, even though due to the absence of discriminate knowledge, it misidentifies itself with the manifest.
Raashis and Guna.
In Jyotish the chara Raashis are said to have Rajas guna.
The Sthira Raashis are of Tamas Guna and
The Dwishbhaava Raashis are of Satva guna.
If you have read the mobility post in this lesson you will understand why this is so.
The Tatvas and raashis.
The whole of bhaa chakra (zodiac) is said to be of Aakaash tatva. All Raashis have aakaash tattva in them that keeps them together and makes them work in harmony. Jupiter is the greatest natural benefic and represents ‘God’ in all signs simply for the fact that it is the governor of the aakaash tattva that makes all the other signs and planets work in harmony for all purposes. All signs have the panch (pronounced as punch and meaning five) tattva in them with a dominance of one of the other four tattva (excluding aakash).
The Raashis Mesha, Simha, Dhanu have agni (fire) in predominance; the Raashis Kark, Vrischika and Meena have a predominance of jala (water); the Raashis Mithuna, Tula and Kumbha have a predominance of vaayu (air) while Vrishabha, Kanya, Makara have a predominance of prithvi (earth).
Q1: List out the twenty four tattvas of Sankhya Philosophy.
Q2: The three gunas correspond to the three main deities of the Hindu pantheon, list them and find who corresponds to which guna.
Q3: After how many Raashis do the Gunas repeat?
Q4: After how many Raashis do the Tattvas repeat?